Photoeducation and photoprotection among liver transplant candidates: a cross-sectional study.

The incidence of skin cancer after liver transplant ranges from 3% to 16%, considerably higher than that observed in the general population. Skin cancer causes 25% of deaths in patients who have survived more than 3 years after liver transplant. The objective of this study was to identify differences regarding the level of sun exposure, knowledge of potential risk factors, and photoprotection measures among liver transplant candidates and recipients. We carried out a prospective cross-sectional study with 100 patients enrolled at a liver transplant program in a Brazilian center. The patients were interviewed and received oral information regarding skin care and sun exposure. Results reveal that measures of photoprotection and photoeducation are more prevalent among recipients than among candidates. High degrees of solar exposure were observed more frequently among candidates, although recipients showed better knowledge about the risks of sun exposure. Educational actions concerning skin cancer prevention should be part of the guidelines given by the multidisciplinary team to the liver transplant patients, in particular, by the nursing team.

Educational intervention for liver transplantation candidates.

OBJECTIVE: The objective in this study was to analyze candidates' knowledge on the liver transplantation process before and after putting in practice an educational intervention. METHOD: A quasi-experimental, one-group pretest-posttest research design was adopted. The final sample included 15 subjects. Research data were collected between January and March 2010 in three phases, which were: pretest, implementation of the educational intervention (two meetings) and posttest. RESULTS: The results evidenced significant cognitive gains after the intervention, with improvements in the participants' performance . CONCLUSIONS: The research presents evidence that putting in practice a patient education strategy can enhance candidates' knowledge on the liver transplantation process and consequently contribute to a successful treatment.

Educational intervention for liver transplantation candidates / Intervenção educativa para candidatos ao transplante de fígado / Intervención educativa para candidatos al trasplante de hígado

OBJECTIVE: The objective in this study was to analyze candidates' knowledge on the liver transplantation process before and after putting in practice an educational intervention. METHOD: A quasi-experimental, one-group pretest-posttest research design was adopted. The final sample included 15 subjects. Research data were collected between January and March 2010 in three phases, which were: pretest, implementation of the educational intervention (two meetings) and posttest. RESULTS: The results evidenced significant cognitive gains after the intervention, with improvements in the participants' performance . CONCLUSIONS: The research presents evidence that putting in practice a patient education strategy can enhance candidates' knowledge on the liver transplantation process and consequently contribute to a successful treatment.

OBJETIVO: o estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conhecimento de candidatos sobre o processo de transplante de fígado, antes e depois da implementação de intervenção educativa. MÉTODOS: trata-se de estudo com delineamento de pesquisa quase-experimental, do tipo grupo único, antes e depois. A amostra final foi composta por 15 sujeitos. A coleta de dados da investigação, cuja duração foi de janeiro a março de 2010, ocorreu em três etapas, a saber: pré-teste, implementação da intervenção educativa (dois encontros) e pós-teste. RESULTADOS: os resultados evidenciaram ganho cognitivo significativo após a intervenção, com melhora no desempenho dos participantes. CONCLUSÕES: o estudo traz evidências de que a implementação de estratégia direcionada para educação de paciente pode aumentar o conhecimento de candidatos sobre o processo de transplante de fígado e, consequentemente, contribuir para o sucesso do tratamento.

OBJETIVO: El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el conocimiento de candidatos sobre el proceso de trasplante de hígado, antes y después de la implementación de una intervención educativa. MÉTODO: Se trata de un estudio con diseño casi experimental, del tipo grupo único, antes y después. La muestra final abarcó a 15 sujetos. La recolecta de datos de la investigación, con duración de enero a marzo del 2010, fue llevada a cabo en tres etapas, que son: pre-test, implementación de la intervención educativa (dos encuentros) y post-test. RESULTADOS: Los resultados evidenciaron ganancia cognitiva significativa tras la intervención, con mejora en el desempeño de los participantes. CONCLUSIONES: El estudio evidencia que la implementación de una estrategia dirigida a la educación del paciente puede aumentar el conocimiento de candidatos sobre el proceso de trasplante de hígado y consecuentemente contribuir al éxito del tratamiento.

Necessidades de informação de candidatos ao transplante de fígado: o primeiro passo do processo ensino-aprendizagem / Necesidades de información de los candidatos a trasplante hepático: el primer paso del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje / Information needs of liver transplant candidates: the first step of the teaching-learning process

A necessidade de informação é definida como a deficiência de informação ou habilidade relacionada a um domínio de vida relevante para o paciente. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar as necessidades de informação de candidatos em fila de espera para o transplante de fígado. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, conduzido em centro transplantador brasileiro do interior paulista. A amostra foi constituída de 55 pacientes, e a coleta de dados foi realizada nos meses de março a junho de 2009. Os resultados evidenciaram que as necessidades de informação do período pré-operatório foram as que obtiveram pontuações médias maiores. O conhecimento de informações que o candidato ao transplante de fígado precisa é relevante para o planejamento do processo ensino-aprendizagem.

La necesidad de información se define como la carencia de información o habilidades relacionadas con un dominio de la vida relevante para el paciente. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las necesidades de información de candidatos en lista de espera para el trasplante de hígado. El diseño del estudio es de una investigación descriptiva, llevado a cabo en un centro de trasplante en São Paulo - Brasil. La muestra abarcó a 55 pacientes y los datos fueron recolectados entre marzo y junio del 2009. Los resultados mostraron mayor puntuación promedio para las necesidades de información del periodo preoperatorio. El conocimiento de informaciones que el candidato a trasplante de hígado necesita es importante para planificar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.

'Information need' is defined as a deficiency of information or skill related to a domain of life that is relevant to the patient. This study's objective was to identify the information needs of candidates on the waiting list for a liver transplant. This is a descriptive study and was conducted at a transplant center in the State of São Paulo - Brazil. The sample consisted of 55 patients and data were collected from March to June 2009. The results showed higher average scores for information needs concerning the preoperative period. Identifying the information needs of liver transplant candidates is important to planning the teaching-learning process.

[Information needs of liver transplant candidates: the first step of the teaching-learning process]. / Necessidades de informação de candidatos ao transplante de fígado: o primeiro passo do processo ensino-aprendizagem.

'Information need' is defined as a deficiency of information or skill related to a domain of life that is relevant to the patient. This study's objective was to identify the information needs of candidates on the waiting list for a liver transplant. This is a descriptive study and was conducted at a transplant center in the State of São Paulo-Brazil. The sample consisted of 55 patients and data were collected from March to June 2009. The results showed higher average scores for information needs concerning the preoperativeperiod. Identifying the information needs of liver transplant candidates is important to planning the teaching-learning process.

Perceived self-efficacy among liver transplant candidates and recipients.

Self-efficacy is defined as one's belief that one can perform the necessary behaviors to achieve one's goals. This belief is one of the most powerful motivational predictors of how well a person will perform at almost any endeavor. Limited information is available, however, about self-efficacy in the organ transplantation population. This study aimed to identify the self-efficacy belief among liver transplant candidates and recipients and compare these results with demographic characteristics. The authors analyzed 100 patients who were candidates and recipients for liver transplantation in a Brazilian center. The average self-efficacy score for the candidates was significantly lower than for the recipients. Future investigation is necessary to explore possible interventions to be taken before and after liver transplantation that could influence self-efficacy of the organ transplantation patients.